[ipv6-tf] IPv4/IPv6 Address Use Report
Marcin Gondek
drixter w e-utp.net
Sob, 2 Sty 2010, 17:19:56 CET
FYI
Początek przekazywanej wiadomości:
> Od: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch w muada.com>
> Data: 1 stycznia 2010 19:23:53 CET
> Do: ipv6-wg w ripe.net
> Temat: [ipv6-wg] 2009 IPv4 Address Use Report
>
> [ (Non-cross)posted to NANOG, PPML, RIPE IPv6 wg, Dutch IPv6 TF. Web version for the monospace font impaired and with some links:
> http://www.bgpexpert.com/addrspace2009.php ]
>
> 2009 IPv4 Address Use Report
>
> As of January first, 2010, the number of unused IPv4 addresses is 722.18 million. On January 1, 2009, this was 925.58 million. So in 2009, 203.4 million addresses were used up. This is the first time since the introduction of CIDR in 1993 that the number of addresses used in a year has topped 200 million. With 3706.65 million usable addresses, 80.5% of the available IPv4 addresses are now in some kind of use, up from 75.3% a year ago. So the depletion of the IPv4 address reserves is continuing in much the same way as in previous years:
>
> Date Addresses free Used up
> 2006-01-01 1468.61 M
> 2007-01-01 1300.65 M 167.96 M
> 2008-01-01 1122.85 M 177.80 M (with return of 16.78 M to IANA)
> 2009-01-01 925.58 M 197.27 M
> 2010-01-01 722.18 M 203.40 M
>
> These figures are derived from from the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority's IANA IPv4 Address Space Registry page and the records published on the FTP servers of the five Regional Internet Registries (RIRs): AfriNIC, which gives out address space in Africa, APNIC (Asia-Pacific region), ARIN (North America), LACNIC (Latin American and the Caribbean) and the RIPE NCC (Europe, the former Soviet Union and the Middle East).
>
> The IANA list shows the status of all 256 blocks of 16777216 addresses identified by the first 8-bit number in the IPv4 address.
> http://www.bgpexpert.com/ianaglobalpool.php is a graphical representation of the IANA global pool (updated weekly). The RIR data indicates how much address space the RIRs have delegated to internet service providers (and sometimes end-users). The changes over the course of 2009 are as follows:
>
> Delegated Blocks +/- 2009 Addresses Used Available
> to/status (in millions)
>
> AfriNIC 2 33.55 14.89 18.66
> APNIC 34 +4 570.42 540.36 30.06
> ARIN 31 520.09 486.58 33.51
> LACNIC 6 100.66 79.77 20.89
> RIPE NCC 30 +4 503.32 450.11 53.21
> RIRs subtotal 103 +8 1728.05 1571.71 156.34
> LEGACY 92 1543.50 1413.88 129.62
> UNALLOCATED 26 -8 436.21 436.21
>
> Totals 221 3707.76 2985.59 722.17
>
> The RIRs requested an unusually small number of /8s from IANA: only eight. As a result, APNIC is well below the nine months working inventory threshold, so it should be getting no less than six additional /8s soon to get back to 18 months working inventory. Similarly, ARIN should be getting five additional /8s soon. This would bring us to 15 /8s remaining in the IANA global pool, and should allow for regular operation for about the rest of the year. Then in early 2011, the next round of delegations will have to happen, which may or may not hit the magic fifth-to-last /8, after which the remaining four will be given to the other four RIRs and then each RIR will run out of IPv4 space at its own pace.
>
> The total number of available addresses is slightly higher than the previously mentioned figure at 3707.76 million because the table above includes 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16, which are set aside for private use.
>
> Networks 0.0.0.0/8 and 127.0.0.0/8 aren't usable because of special uses and 10.0.0.0/8 is also set aside for private use. 224 - 239 are multicast addresses, and 240 - 255 is class E, which is "reserved for future use".
>
> The 2985 million addresses currently in use aren't very evenly distributed over the countries in the world. The current top 15 is:
>
> 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 increase Country
>
> 1 - US 1495.13 M 1458.21 M 2.3% United States
> 2 - CN 232.45 M 181.80 M 27.9% China
> 3 - JP 177.15 M 151.56 M 16.9% Japan
> 4 - EU 149.48 M 120.29 M 24.3% Multi-country in Europe
> 5 (6) DE 86.51 M 81.75 M 5.8% Germany
> 6 (9) KR 77.77 M 66.82 M 16.4% Korea
> 7 - CA 76.96 M 74.49 M 3.3% Canada
> 8 - FR 75.54 M 68.04 M 11.0% France
> 9 (5) GB 74.18 M 86.31 M -14.1% United Kingdom
> 10 - AU 39.77 M 36.26 M 9.7% Australia
> 11 - BR 33.95 M 29.75 M 14.1% Brazil
> 12 - IT 33.50 M 29.64 M 13.0% Italy
> 13 (14) RU 28.47 M 23.18 M 22.8% Russia
> 14 (13) TW 27.10 M 24.01 M 12.9% Taiwan
> 15 (17) NL 22.84 M 21.67 M 5.4% Netherlands
>
> The reduction in address use by the UK is because net 51.0.0.0/8 is now registered as country "EU" rather than "GB". In 2008, the United States was the biggest user of new address space with 50 million new addresses put into use. China was second with 46.50 million. In 2009, they swapped places: China used up 50.65 million addresses and the US a mere 36.92 million.
>
> The US now holds 50.1% of the IPv4 address space in use, down from 52.4% last year. The total for the top 15 excluding the US is now 38%, up from 35.8%. The rest of the world gets the remaining 12%, up from 11.8%.
>
> The size of address blocks given out was increasing until 2005, and then started decreasing. The table below shows the number of delegations for a certain range of block sizes (equal or higher than the first, lower than the second value).
>
> 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
>
> < 1000 745 1022 1309 1507 1830 1896 1747
> 1000 - 8000 1009 1516 1891 2265 2839 3235 3185
> 8000 - 64k 1014 1100 1039 1192 1015 1129 1169
> 64k - 500k 215 404 309 419 395 410 403
> 500k - 2M 46 61 60 57 62 82 70
>> 2M 6 7 18 17 24 18 21
>
> In millions of addresses:
>
> 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
>
> < 1000 0.25 0.35 0.44 0.51 0.63 0.65 0.59
> 1000 - 8000 3.45 4.49 5.07 5.83 6.93 7.75 7.55
> 8000 - 64k 14.00 15.99 15.46 18.01 15.67 17.40 18.01
> 64k - 500k 25.51 42.01 34.23 50.86 50.83 52.58 50.50
> 500k - 2M 31.98 44.63 41.63 46.69 45.50 57.41 49.28
>> 2M 12.58 20.97 68.62 52.43 67.37 54.00 54.12
>
> Numbers of delegations and their average size:
>
> Year Blocks Addresses (M) Average block size
>
> 2000 2794 78.35 28043
> 2001 2824 88.95 31497
> 2002 2463 68.93 27985
> 2003 3035 87.77 28921
> 2004 4110 128.45 31252
> 2005 4626 165.45 35765
> 2006 5457 174.32 31945
> 2007 6165 186.92 30320
> 2008 6770 189.79 28035
> 2009 6595 180.06 27302
>
> (The numbers of addresses given out are lower here because ARIN often attributes the delegation of new addresses to a previous year, this view doesn't correct for that.)
>
>
Początek przekazywanej wiadomości:
> Od: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch w muada.com>
> Data: 2 stycznia 2010 14:09:13 CET
> Do: ipv6-wg w ripe.net
> Temat: [ipv6-wg] 2009 IPv6 Address Use Report
>
> [ (Non-cross)posted to NANOG, PPML, RIPE IPv6 wg, Dutch IPv6 TF. Web version for the monospace font impaired and with some links:
> http://www.bgpexpert.com/addrspace-ipv6-2009.php ]
>
> 2009 IPv6 Address Use Report
>
> Since 2005, I've been compiling an IPv4 address use report every year. With the start of the new decade, this is a good moment to start doing the same thing for IPv6.
>
> http://www.bgpexpert.com/addrspace-ipv6.php shows the amount of IPv6 space given out by RIR and by year, while http://www.bgpexpert.com/ipv6addressespercountry.php shows the amount of IPv6 address space by country. Both these pages are updated weekly from the delegation data that the RIRs publish on their FTP servers.
>
> 2008 saw a huge increase in the amount of IPv6 space given out and then a big drop in 2009 (amounts of IPv6 address space in the equivalent of /32s):
>
> 1999 10.88 /32s in 17 blocks
> 2000 19.75 /32s in 32 blocks
> 2001 33.13 /32s in 61 blocks
> 2002 156.75 /32s in 271 blocks
> 2003 261.38 /32s in 290 blocks
> 2004 13340.63 /32s in 295 blocks
> 2005 26985.00 /32s in 245 blocks
> 2006 9798.00 /32s in 243 blocks
> 2007 6687.01 /32s in 491 blocks
> 2008 81012.02 /32s in 886 blocks
> 2009 1091.03 /32s in 1280 blocks
>
> However, this is not the complete picture. The large number for 2008 is the result of two unusual events. The first one is LACNIC's delegation of the 2804::/16 block to the Brazilian national internet registry (NIR). At some point in the future, the delegation records will not show such blocks as "used" in their entirety anymore. Also, ARIN delegated 14 /22 blocks within the range 2608::/13 to the US Department of Defense. With these two artifacts removed, the amount of IPv6 space given out per year looks like this:
>
> 1999 11.00 /32s in 17 blocks
> 2000 20.00 /32s in 32 blocks
> 2001 33.00 /32s in 61 blocks
> 2002 157.00 /32s in 271 blocks
> 2003 261.00 /32s in 290 blocks
> 2004 13341.00 /32s in 295 blocks
> 2005 26985.00 /32s in 245 blocks
> 2006 9798.00 /32s in 243 blocks
> 2007 6687.00 /32s in 491 blocks
> 2008 1140.00 /32s in 871 blocks
> 2009 1091.00 /32s in 1280 blocks
>
> So the number of blocks given out keeps increasing, but their size is going down. There are two reasons for this: roughly between 2004 and 2006, RIPE and APNIC gave out some very large blocks to some very large ISPs. They mostly stopped doing that. And provider independent blocks started to be allowed and are getting more and more popular. These are the /32 - /35 allocations. /32 is the minimum block size given out to ISPs, this used to be /35. So this view shows the numbers of small-to-medium sized ISPs obtaining IPv6 address space:
>
> 1999 11.00 /32s in 17 blocks
> 2000 20.00 /32s in 32 blocks
> 2001 33.00 /32s in 55 blocks
> 2002 157.00 /32s in 254 blocks
> 2003 223.00 /32s in 251 blocks
> 2004 235.00 /32s in 241 blocks
> 2005 217.00 /32s in 217 blocks
> 2006 186.00 /32s in 186 blocks
> 2007 351.00 /32s in 351 blocks
> 2008 734.00 /32s in 734 blocks
> 2009 1011.00 /32s in 1013 blocks
>
> These are the blocks larger than /32 that go to large ISPs (excluding the BR NIR and DoD blocks):
>
> 2003 38.00 /32s in 3 blocks
> 2004 13106.00 /32s in 9 blocks
> 2005 26768.00 /32s in 13 blocks
> 2006 9612.00 /32s in 14 blocks
> 2007 6336.00 /32s in 8 blocks
> 2008 406.00 /32s in 7 blocks
> 2009 80.00 /32s in 4 blocks
>
> And these are the blocks smaller than /35, which are now mostly provider independent blocks, but also "critical infrastructure", such as root servers get a /48 block:
>
> 2001 0.00 /32s in 6 blocks
> 2002 0.00 /32s in 17 blocks
> 2003 0.00 /32s in 36 blocks
> 2004 0.00 /32s in 45 blocks
> 2005 0.00 /32s in 15 blocks
> 2006 0.00 /32s in 43 blocks
> 2007 0.00 /32s in 132 blocks
> 2008 0.00 /32s in 130 blocks
> 2009 0.00 /32s in 263 blocks
>
> So after a small dip in 2006, the number of small-to-medium sized ISPs obtaining IPv6 address space shows a steady upward trend, but apparently the very large ISPs either already got their IPv6 address space, are not focussing on IPv6 right now, are starting with a small block (or several small blocks), or a combination of all of these factors.
>
> Even with the BR NIR and DoD blocks included, the (equivalent of) 39395.56 /32s given out in 4111 blocks is only 0.026% of the 536870912 possible /32s in the currently defined global unicast space (2000::/3). For comparison, the number of IPv4 blocks given out is 99562.
--
Marcin Gondek / Drixter
e-utp.net
NIP: PL1181589645
REGON: 140584662
Tel. +48602159929
Fax. +48222012418
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http://www.e-utp.net
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